Star Ratings Explained.

Star Ratings form a simple language to discuss how to make roads safer and to enable us to identify unsafe roads before a crash occurs.

Star Ratings involve an inspection of design elements of the road and roadside as well as intersections, which are proven to have an impact on the likelihood of a crash and its severity.

Between 1 and 5 stars are awarded to roads depending on the level of safety which is 'built-in' to the road.

The safest roads (4 and 5 stars) are likely to be straight, have two lanes in each direction separated by a wide median, have good line-marking, wide lanes and sealed shoulders, safe roadsides and few, if any intersections with crossing traffic.

The least safe roads (1 and 2 stars) are likely to have two way traffic with only one lane in each direction, lots of curves and intersections, narrow lanes, unsealed or no shoulders, poor line marking and unprotected hazards such as trees, poles and steep embankments close to the site of the road.

These ratings are shown as a colour-coded map, indicating how many stars a section of road has achieved. Where lanes of traffic are separated by a median or safety barrier (a divided road), Star Ratings are calculated separately for both directions of travel.

How safe are our roads?

Star ratings have been determined for National Highway Network of roads in all States and Territories. Some state highways have also been star rated in Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia. Be guided by the stars.

How are star ratings measured?

Highly trained analysts undertake desk-top inspections by taking a virtual drive-through of the road network using specially developed software which accurately measures road design elements such as lane and shoulder widths.

The rating is calculated by looking at the relative risk posed by these design elements, based on years of research conducted by the ARRB Group As a simple example, the risk of being involved in a crash on a road with narrow lanes (less than 2.8 metres wide) is 50 per cent higher than on a road with wide lanes (around 3.6 metres wide). A road with a wide lanes may therefore receive a better rating than a road with narrow lanes, mainly because narrow lanes leave less room for error. Various risks apply to other design elements as well. All of these are put together using mathematical formulas to form a Star Rating.

For more information on our Star Rating methodology, read our 2006 Star Ratings Report.